👫 DOES INDIA NEED TWO CHILD POLICY ?

ABOUT THE MATTER :

DO YOU THINK INDIA NEEDS A TWO CHILD POLICY ?

Hello friends

 We are all aware of how big of a problem is overpopulation in our country Resources get dwindled due to overpopulatio environmental destruction gets aggravated and problems like unemployment increase. 

As a part of the solution, state governments like that of Assam have decided to bring in the two child policy :

It has been declared, especially in Assam, that if one has more than two kids after 2021 then government jobs would be denied and one would be debarred from contesting local body elections and panchayat elections.  

There are efforts being made to bring in a population control bill even at the Central Government level Infact, a population control bill was even tabled in the Rajya Sabha which proposed to implement two child policy all across the country Under this proposal, the people who have more than two kids would be denied any government jobs government subsidies would be denied and (they would be) excluded from a lot of government schemes.

So much so, that some people even proposed that their voting rights should also be stripped off the ones who have more than two children Is this the right method to fight overpopulation?  Come, let us analyze :

First of all, I would like to inform you that Assam is not the sole state to be bringing in such a law Such a law has already been brought in, in at least 12 states of our country It has been enforced and then been repealed in some of the states including Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa,Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Uttarakhand.

This law has been repealed in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh  The ones against this policy say that this will have a deleterious effect on women  for example, if a politician has to contest elections and his wife birthed a third child  So he would simply abandon his wife or divorce her in order to contest the elections  and the woman would be left alone with three children  When listened to, this effect seems a little exaggerated  but very often, these undesired consequences stem from such policies  After the implementation of the two child policy, what would be the consequences and effects?

ONE CHILD POLICY OF CHINA :

WHAT ARE THE PROS & CONS OF INTRODUCING TWO CHILD POLICY IN INDIA ?

We would have to look at the outside world to find out  What have been such similar examples that have been tested out and what have been there results?  One good example of this would be China's one child policy  A lot of people believe that a policy like China's one child policy should also be introduced in our country  because look at how far China has progressed and how far behind have we been left due to overpopulation  but these people are unaware of the fact that China's one child policy had infact, been a huge failure  China had introduced its one child policy in 1979 to control its population  but its negative consequences became very clear 2005  The problem lay in the fact that Chinese society, very much like Indian society, is very gender biased  If they could give birth to only one child, then people preferred to have a male child  which led to rampant female foeticide and abortions  and in the period between 2005 to 2008, China had one of the world's worst gender ratios  120 men : 100 females  This means that in 2011,  there were 34 million more men in comparison to women in China .

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Due to this, a practice of "bride price" began in China  in which the families of the females were bribed and offered money to marry their sons  Another problem was 4-2-1 problem  Now what is this 4-2-1? This is basically an indication of the family tree  Due to one child policy, there would be 4 grandparents, two parents(their kids) which would then have one kid  4-2-1 means that when the grandparents age,  then the two parents will have to support the four grandparents  and when the parents get old,  then one child will have to support 6 people  which means, he will give their pensions, bear their health care costs .

THE 4-2-1 PROBLEM

IS TWO CHILD POLICY GOOD OR BAD FOR INDIA ?

Therefore, the economic system would not be able to sustain this  A lot of developed countries are facing this problem today  which have not been able to come up with a proper solution to this  for example, Japan and a lot of Western European countries  They increase immigration to encourage people to come in from other foreign countries  They want the young population to come into their country  which would enable them to sustain their old age population  So as to avoid this 4-2-1 problem  This might seem very shocking to hear  but under population is fast becoming a problem in a lot of countries in today's times  Think about it, if the old age population increases  this would lead to a lot more people who would demand pensions  who are not working, but are receiving money from the society  And if the working age population/ young age populations decreases,  then the population of the people who are working to generate money would decrease  Then these people would have to work more to sustain the old age population.

STERILIZATION IN INDIA

DO YOU THINK INDIA NEED TWO CHILD POLICY ?

Therefore China revoked its one child policy in 2015  and brought in a two child policy to encourage people to give birth to more children  In fact in countries like Singapore and Germany, extra money is provided by the government if  the citizens of these countries give birth to more children  Keep in mind that this is merely an economic problem because our economic system is designed this way  Looking at other aspects like environmental aspects or resources aspects,  then obviously, under-population is a good thing  If there are fewer people on this planet, then it environment could be protected better  Another historical track record of a similar policy is present in our country  between 1975-1977  There was forced sterilization under the Indira Gandhi government  That is people, especially the poor, were forced to get sterilized  In fact 11 million people were sterilized during the period of 2 years  Now you would think that since 11 million people in our country have been stopped from reproducing ,  then obviously this should have a huge effect on the population growth of our country  But if you look at the charts of population growth,  this did not make even an iota of difference  Despite the forceful sterilization of so many people,  our population continued to grow at the same pace  So this method is absolutely an ineffective one.

This too, had a lot of negative consequences  The first negative consequence would be who are you in the first place to say that one cannot reproduce?  And the second negative consequence was that this sterilization was done in such a hasty manner  that people contracted diseases and there were around 1800 reported deaths  due to this forced sterilization  So if none of the forced population control measures are successful  and a lot of negative consequences arise  So now you could ask what are the measures(solutions) to control population?

ARE MUSLIMS CAUSING OVERPOPULATION ?

WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF INDIA IMPLEMENT TWO CHILD POLICY

This fact is not digested by our politicians  because it is an arduous task for them to ensure economic development and improve education, healthcare facilities  It would require a lot of effort  Therefore, to divert your attention, a lot of politicians give out inflammatory speeches and tell you  Look, the Muslims are responsible for our population growth  It is due to these Muslims that our population has been increasing and the Hindus are becoming endangered  But  I am going to show you factually how religion is not responsible for population growth  The factors that I have told you about earlier are responsible  Look at the religion wise fertility rates in our country  In 2005, You can see the chart on the left side,  when the fertility rates of Muslims was 4.4 and that of the Hindus was 3.3  that of Christians was 2.9 and that of Sikhs was 2.4  By 2015, there has been a decline in the fertility rates in every religion  Looking at this you could think that Christians and Sikhs are producing fewer kids than Hindus.

This is the reason behind this  The reason for this has nothing to do with religion  the reason for this has to do directly with  the same social economic factors  Because you would notice that most of the population of the Sikhs is in Punjab  Punjab is a highly developed state  Its economic development is more in comparison to the other states of India  and education, healthcare facilities are better in comparison to other states like Bihar  And this is why, as you can see in this chart, the fertility rate of the Sikhs is already very low  because a state like Punjab, which is already a developed state, drags the average down  And you would notice that the Hindu fertility rates is above that of Christians or Sikhs  because in the states of Bihar in Uttar Pradesh The Hindu Muslim population is more  as compared to Christians or Sikhs  Therefore states like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar pull the average of which you can clearly see  This fact is definitely true that some religions have had a higher fertility rate historically  for example like that of Muslims.

  There could be a lot of reasons behind this (for example) cultural  or socio-economic factors  But more important than that is  When development takes place, then the fertility rate of all the religions comes down on its own accord  I'd like to show you another breakdown  You can see the Hindu vs Muslim fertility rates. State wise, in the different states  You would notice that in the states which are more developed, the fertility rates of both to religions are low  and  in the states which are less developed, the fertility rates of both Hindus and Muslims is high  That is, every religion controls population on its own  when there is economic development and the education, Healthcare facilities are improved  The 2.1 fertility rate is called the replacement fertility rate.

If the replacement fertility rate is reached, then the population remains stable  If it falls below 2.1, then the population also starts to decline  Another fact which could leave you surprised  is that, in general, the entire fertility rate of India has been falling rapidly in the past 20-30 years  As of 2013, almost every state had reached the replacement fertility rate level  In fact, a lot of experts believe that as of 2019  that, as a country, India as a whole, has already reached the replacement fertility level  This does not mean that the population would start to stabilize instantly  This means that by 2050-60, Indian population would have reached its peak and then would start declining  So, keeping these facts in mind, I would now like to ask you  Do you think India needs a two child policy?  Tell us in the comments below  I have another question for you  What do you think will be the negative consequences of such a two child policy?  Stop  this article and write down in the comments  Now I will tell you my opinion on this  In my opinion, India does not need any two child policy.

SOLUTION OF TWO CHILD POLICY

DO YOU AGREE WITH TWO CHILD POLICY ?

The solution is pretty simple  Development in education, healthcare  as well as economic development  As proof of this, I would like to show you the statewise breakdown of the different states in India  and you would notice a direct relation between the fertility rate and literacy rate  Fertility rate is the number of children a woman produces on an average rate  Literacy rate shows the level of literacy in a population  The states which have a low fertility rate, for example the fertility rate in Kerala is 1.8  the literacy rate there is one of the highest  And on the other hand, the states that have a a low literacy rate,  for example, Bihar has one of the lowest literacy rates at 63%,  the fertility rate there is one of the highest  Bihar has the highest fertility rate in India at 3.5  That is, on average, a woman in Bihar gives birth to 3.5 children  The exact same relation can be observed between per capita income and fertility rate  That is, the people who earn more give birth to fewer kids  and between infant mortality rate and fertility rate  That is, the states in which the health care facilities are good  fewer children die at birth  that is, their fertility rate is automatically less.

What is needed is that in states like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, where fertility rates are still high,  there needs to be a rapid development of education and health care facilities in these places  There needs to be a rapid economic development there for the automatic fall of the fertility rates  This is difficult to do  Therefore the politicians would not admit to this  They would want to look for shortcut to blame somebody or to bring in a law  Another reason for not doing this is the negative consequences of the two child policy that would arise  which would exert a counter effect  I would like to show you how that works with an example  Suppose there is a poor man with more than 3 kids  If he is denied government subsidies  if he is excluded from government schemes  then it would be difficult for him to develop himself as well as to eke out an existence  due to which he would remain in poverty  and due to remaining in poverty, he would give birth to more children  because we had seen in the graphs  how through economic development and these facilities, they would come out of poverty and produce fewer children.

Due to the two child policy the poor would remain poor  if it was implemented in this way  that their government subsidies would be denied and they would be excluded from government schemes  So,this is a very important reason in my opinion  due to which the two child policy might have an adverse effect  If you liked this article, then share it  .

Thank you

 Writter : Abhishek Sharma